Sensitivity of pH in a boreal stream network to a potential decrease in base cations caused by forest harvest

نویسندگان

  • Anneli Ågren
  • Ishi Buffam
  • Kevin Bishop
  • Hjalmar Laudon
چکیده

Increased forest harvest with more whole-tree utilization can decrease base cations (BC) in soils and stream runoff. This paper analyses how reducing stream BC changes the capacity of a boreal stream network to buffer pH changes. We estimated change in stream pH during spring snowmelt in 60 locations throughout a 68 km2 boreal catchment in northern Sweden with different scenarios of BC removal from stream water ranging from 10 to 50 mequiv. L–1. The pH decreased in all scenarios, and if BC decreased by 50 mequiv. L–1, stream length with pH above the acid threshold pH 5 during spring snowmelt decreased from 82% to 44% of the stream network, whereas the stream length with pH above 5.5 decreased from 60% to 10%. The pH sensitivity of different stream reaches to reductions in BC was positively related to the slope of the catchment, forest cover, and forested mires, whereas it was negatively related to the percentage of agricultural fields. Because the long-term effect of different forestry practices on stream BC is unclear, there is all the more reason to evaluate BC sensitivity before, rather than after, eventual problems arise. Résumé : La récolte accrue des forêts avec l’utilisation élargie des arbres entiers peut réduire les cations basiques (BC) dans les sols et l’écoulement des cours d’eau. Notre étude analyse comment la réduction des BC dans le cours d’eau modifie la capacité d’un réseau d’eau courante boréal à tamponner les changements de pH. Nous avons estimé les changements de pH dans les cours d’eau durant la fonte des neiges au printemps à 60 points dans un bassin versant boréal de 68 km2 dans le nord de la Suède avec divers scénarios de retrait des BC des eaux courantes allant de 10 à 50 mequiv. L–1. Le pH a diminué dans tous les scénarios; lorsque les BC avaient diminué de 50 mequiv. L–1, la longueur de cours d’eau ayant un pH au-dessus du seuil acide de pH 5 durant la fonte des neige était réduite de 82 % à 44 % du réseau, alors que la longueur de cours d’eau avec un pH au-dessus de 5,5 avait baissé de 60 % à 10 %. La sensibilité au pH des diverses sections de cours d’eau en fonction de la réduction des BC est en corrélation positive avec la pente du bassin versant, la couverture de forêt et les tourbières forestières, alors qu’elle est en corrélation négative avec le pourcentage de champs agricoles. Parce que les effets à long terme des différentes stratégies forestières sur les BC des cours d’eau restent imprécis, c’est une raison de plus d’évaluer la sensibilité des BC avant, plutôt qu’après, l’arrivée éventuelle de problèmes. [Traduit par la Rédaction]

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تاریخ انتشار 2010